Nyuma y’iminsi igera kuri itandatu zingurana ibitekerezo, intumwa zari zahuriye I Kigali ziturutse mu bihu hafi 200 zemeranyijwe ku mugambi wo gukumira ibyuka bituruka mu byuma bikonjesha (hydrofluorocarcons, HFCs) hagamijwe kubungabunga akayunguruzo k’izuba no kurengera ibidukikije.
Ivugururwa ry’amasezerano ya Montreal yerekeye imyuka yangiza akayunguruzo k’izuba yemerejwe i Kigali ni imwe mu ntambwe ikomeye Isi iteye mu rwego rwo kugabanya ubushyuhe kugera mu nsi ya dogere 2 nk’uko byemejwe mu nama yabereye i Paris mu Bufaransa, umwaka ushize.
Aya masezerano agamije igenzurwa ry’ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabutabire biteza imyuka yangiza akayunguruzo k’izuba, abasaga 1000 bakaba bari bateraniye i Kigali biga kuri iri vugururwa.
Mu ijambo yagejeje ku bitabiriye iyi nama, Chairman w’Umuryango Perezida Kagame we yagize ati “Uko tubikora vuba ni ko turushaho kugabanya igiciro bizadusaba, bigatuma dukura umutwaro ku bana bacu. Uguhanda udushya n’ibindi bikorwa bizadufasha kugabanya ibi byuka [HFCs] mu buryo bwihuse kandi ku giciro gito.”
Minisitiri w’Umutungo Kamere, Dr. Vincent Biruta yashimiye abagize uruhare mu kwemeza ivugururwa ry’aya masezerano. Yagize ati “ Mabshimiye umuhate utagereranwa mwagaragaje kugira ngo iyi ntsinzi igerweho, amasezerano ya Kigali ntakiri inzozi ubu ni impamo”.
Yakomeje agira ati “Uru rugendo rujya gutangira rwasaga n’urutazatanga umusaruro, ariko amasezerano y’i Montreal agezweho ku nyungu z’abantu bacu n’umubumbe wacu.”
Umuyobozi ushinzwe kurengera ibidukikije mu Muryango w’Abibumbye, Erik Solheim yagize ati “ Umwaka ushize i Paris, twasezeranye ko Isi tugiye kuyigira nziza tukayikura mu bibi biyugarije. Uyu munsi tugeze ku isezerano.”
Umunyamabanga wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ushinzwe Ububanyi n’Amahanga, John Kerry wari uri muri iyi nama yagize ati “Nidukomeza kwibuka ingaruka ibi bifite kuri buri gihugu ku Isi, impinduka mu bukungu zizihuta.”
Abahanga mu bya siyansi bavuga ko ikurwaho rya HFCs rishobora kugabanya cyane ihindagurika ry’ibihe, hakavaho dogere Celsius 0.5 ku izamuka ry’ubushyuhe.
Ibihugu kandi byemeranyijwe kuzatanga amafaranga ahagije kugira ngo hagabanywe HFCs, Ikiguzi cyabyo kibarirwa mu mamiliyoni y’amadolari. Inkunga yose ikenewe izumvukanwaho mu nama iteganyijwe kubera i Montreal muri Canada umwaka utaha.
Muri aya masezerano ibihugu bikize birimo ibyo ku mugabane w’u Burayi, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’ibindi bizatangira guhagarika ikoreshwa ry’ibyuma bikonjesha, HFCs mu myaka mike iri imbere aho bizagabanya kugeza ku 10% mu 2019.
Ibihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere nk’u Bushinwa, ibyo muri Amerika y’Amajyepfo n’ibindi bizatangira kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibi byuma mu 2024.
Ibindi bihugu birimo u Buhinde, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq bizagabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibyuma bikonjesha mu 2028.
U Bushinwa nk’igihugu gikora ibi byuma kurusha ibindi ntikizahagarika inganda zibikora mbere ya 2029.
Ibyuka bituruka mu byuma bikonjesha bikurura ubushyuhe bw’izuba inshuro 1000 kurusha umwuka mubi (Carbon Dioxide) usanzwwe uzwi mu kugira uruhare mu ihindagurika ry’ikirere.
Kuva kuwa Mbere w’iki cyumweru, intumwa zigera ku 1000 zaturutse mu bihugu 197, zakoraniye i Kigali ziga ku ivugururwa ry’amasezerano ya Montreal, atuma hakumirwa ikoreshwa ry’imyuka yangiza ikirere ituruka mu byuma bikonjesha, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), abereye ibihugu byateye imbere n’ibikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.